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NAME

c3270 -
curses-based 
IBM host access tool
 

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The full syntax for host is:

[prefix:]...[LUname@]hostname[:port]

Prepending a p: onto hostname causes the connection to go through the telnet-passthru service rather than directly to the host. See PASSTHRU below.

Prepending an s: onto hostname removes the "extended data stream" option reported to the host. See -tn below for further information.

Prepending an n: onto hostname turns off TN3270E support for the session.

A specific LU name to use may be specified by prepending it to the hostname with an `@'. Multiple LU names to try can be separated by commas. An empty LU can be placed in the list with an extra comma.

On systems that support the forkpty library call, the hostname may be replaced with -e and a command string. This will cause c3270 to connect to a local child process, such as a shell.

The port to connect to defaults to telnet. This can be overridden with the -port option, or by appending a port to the hostname with a colon `:'. (For compatability with previous versions of c3270 and with tn3270(1), the port may also be specified as a second, separate argument.)  

OPTIONS

-allbold

Forces all characters to be displayed in bold. This helps with PC consoles which display non-bold characters in unreadably dim colors.

-charset name

Specifies an EBCDIC host character set. See CHARACTER SETS below.

-clear toggle

Sets the initial value of toggle to false. The list of toggle names is under TOGGLES below.

-hostsfile file

Uses file as the hosts file, which allows aliases for host names and scripts to be executed at login. See ibm_hosts(1) for details.

-keymap name

Specifies a keyboard map to be found in the resource c3270.keymap.name or the file name. See KEYMAPS below for details.

-model name

The model of 3270 display to be emulated. The model name is in three parts, any of which may be omitted:

The first part is the base model, which is either 3278 or 3279. 3278 specifies a monochrome 3270 display; 3279 specifies a color 3270 display.

The second part is the model number, which specifies the number of rows and columns. Model 4 is the default.

Note: Technically, there is no such 3270 display as a 3279-4 or 3279-5, but most hosts seem to work with them anyway.

The third part specifies the Extended 3270 Data Stream, and is given as -E. It signals the host that the 3270 display is capable of displaying extended field attributes, and supports structured fields and query replies. A 3279 always uses the Extended Data Stream (whether or not -E is specified); for a 3278 it is optional.

The default model for a color display is 3279-4-E. For a monochrome display, it is 3278-4-E.

-mono

Forces 3278 emulation.

-oversize colsxrows

Makes the screen larger than the default for the chosen model number. This option has effect only in combination with extended data stream support (the -E suffix on the model), and only if the host supports the Query Reply structured field. The number of columns multiplied by the number of rows must not exceed 16383 (3fff hex), the limit of 14-bit 3270 buffer addressing.

-port n

Specifies a different TCP port to connect to. n can be a name from /etc/services like telnet, or a number. This option changes the default port number used for all connections. (The positional parameter affects only the initial connection.)

-set toggle

Sets the initial value of toggle to true. The list of toggle names is under TOGGLES below.

-tn name

Specifies the terminal name to be transmitted over the telnet connection. The default name is IBM-model_name, for example, IBM-3279-4-E for a color display, or IBM-3278-4-E for a monochrome display.

Some hosts are confused by the -E suffix on the terminal name, and will ignore the extra screen area on models 3, 4 and 5. Prepending an :s on the hostname removes the -E from the terminal name when connecting to such hosts.

The name can also be specified with the "c3270.termName" resource.

-trace

Turns on data stream and event tracing at startup. The default trace file name is /tmp/x3trc.process_id.

-tracefile file

Specifies a file to save data stream and event traces into, overriding the default of /tmp/x3trc.process_id.

-tracefilesize size

Places a limit on the size of a trace file. If this option is not specified, or is specified as 0 or none, the trace file will be unlimited. If specified, the trace file cannot already exist, and the (silently enforced) minimum size is 64 Kbytes. The value of size can have a K or M suffix, indicating kilobytes or megabytes respectively.

-xrm "c3270.resource: value"

Sets the value of the named resource to value. Resources control less common c3270 options, and are defined under RESOURCES below.

CHARACTER SETS

The default character set is bracket, which is useful for common IBM hosts which use EBCDIC codes 0xAD and 0xBD for the `[' and `]' characters, respectively.  

HOSTS DATABASE

You may specify a different ibm_hosts database with the "c3270.hostsFile" resource.  

NVT (ANSI) MODE

If the host later negotiates to stop functioning in 3270 mode, c3270 will return to ANSI emulation.

In NVT mode, c3270 supports both character-at-a-time mode and line mode operation. You may select the mode with a menu option. When in line mode, the special characters and operational characteristics are defined by resources:

Separate keymaps can be defined for use only when c3270 is in 3270 mode or NVT mode. See KEYMAPS for details.  

TOGGLES

monoCase

If set, c3270 operates in uppercase-only mode.

blankFill

If set, c3270 behaves in some un-3270-like ways. First, when a character is typed into a field, all nulls in the field to the left of that character are changed to blanks. This eliminates a common 3270 data-entry surprise. Second, in insert mode, trailing blanks in a field are treated like nulls, eliminating the annoying `lock-up' that often occurs when inserting into an field with (apparent) space at the end.

lineWrap

If set, the ANSI terminal emulator automatically assumes a NEWLINE character when it reaches the end of a line.

The names of the toggles for use with the -set and -clear options are as follows:

STATUS LINE

comm status

Three symbols indicate the state of the connection to the host. If connected, the right-hand symbol is a solid box; if not, it is a question mark.

keyboard lock

If the keyboard is locked, an "X" symbol and a message field indicate the reason for the keyboard lock.

typeahead

The letter "T" indicates that one or more keystrokes are in the typeahead buffer.

temporary keymap

The letter "K" indicates that a temporary keymap is in effect.

reverse

The letter "R" indicates that the keyboard is in reverse field entry mode.

insert mode

The letter "I" indicates that the keyboard is in insert mode.

cursor position

The cursor row and column are optionally displayed, separated by a "/".

ACTIONS

Attn	attention key
BackSpace	move cursor left (or send ASCII BS)
BackTab	tab to start of previous input field
CircumNot	input "^" in NVT mode, or "notsign" in 3270 mode
Clear	clear screen
Compose	next two keys form a special symbol
Connect(l3h_t h, host)	connect to host
CursorSelect	Cursor Select AID
Delete	delete character under cursor (or send ASCII DEL)
DeleteField	delete the entire field
DeleteWord	delete the current or previous word
Disconnect	disconnect from host
Down	move cursor down
Dup	duplicate field
Enter	Enter AID (or send ASCII CR)
Erase	erase previous character (or send ASCII BS)
EraseEOF	erase to end of current field
EraseInput	erase all input fields
Escape	escape to c3270> prompt
Execute(cmd)	execute a command in a shell
FieldEnd	move cursor to end of field
FieldExit	clear to end of field and skip to next (5250 emulation)
FieldMark	mark field
HexString(l3h_t h, hex_digits)	insert control-character string
Home	move cursor to first input field
Insert	set insert mode
Interrupt	send TELNET IP to host
Key(l3h_t h, keysym)	insert key keysym
Key(l3h_t h, 0xxx)	insert key with ASCII code xx
Left	move cursor left
Left2	move cursor left 2 positions
MonoCase	toggle uppercase-only mode
MoveCursor(l3h_t h, row, col)	move cursor to (row,col)
Newline	move cursor to first field on next line (or send ASCII LF)
NextWord	move cursor to next word
PA(l3h_t h, n)	Program Attention AID (n from 1 to 3)
PF(l3h_t h, n)	Program Function AID (n from 1 to 24)
PreviousWord	move cursor to previous word
Printer(Start[,lu]|Stop)	Start or stop printer session
PrintText(command)	print screen text on printer
Quit	exit c3270
Redraw	redraw window
Reset	reset locked keyboard
Right	move cursor right
Right2	move cursor right 2 positions
Script(command[,arg...])	run a script
String(l3h_t h, string)	insert string (simple macro facility)
SysReq	System Request AID
Tab	move cursor to next input field
ToggleInsert	toggle insert mode
ToggleReverse	toggle reverse-input mode
Transfer(l3h_t h, option=value...)	file transfer
Up	move cursor up
ignore	do nothing

Any of the above actions may be entered at the c3270> prompt; these commands are also available for use in keymaps (see KEYMAPS). Command names are case-insensitive. Parameters can be specified with parentheses and commas, e.g.:

PF(1)

PF 1

c3270 also supports the following interactive commands:

Help

Displays a list of available commands.

Show

Displays statistics and settings.

Trace

Turns tracing on or off. The command trace on enables data stream and keyboard event tracing; the command trace off disables it. The qualifier data or keyboard can be specified before on or off to enable or disable a particular trace. After on, a filename may be specified to override the default trace file name of /tmp/x3trc.pid.

KEYMAPS

Multiple keymaps may be specified be separating their names with commas. Definitions in later keymaps supercede those in earlier keymaps.

In addition, separate keymaps may be defined that apply only in 3270 mode or only in NVT mode. For example, the resource definition c3270.keymap.xxx.nvt will augment the definition of c3270.keymap.xxx, when c3270 is in NVT mode. Similarly, the resource definition c3270.keymap.xxx.3270 will augment the definition of c3270.keymap.xxx, when c3270 is in 3270 mode.

Keymaps specify actions to perform when a particular sequence of keys is pressed. Each line in a keymap has the following syntax:

[Meta][Ctrl]<Key>key...: Action[(param[,...])] ...

For example:

Meta<Key>c: Clear()
<Key>PPAGE: PF(7)
Ctrl<Key>A <Key>F1: PF(13)

The optional Meta or Ctrl qualifiers specify that the Meta and Ctrl keys are pressed along with the specified key, respectively. The key is either a valid X11 keysym (these are the ISO 8859-1 symbol names, such as equal for `=' and a for `a') or a valid ncurses key name, such as UP. The Action is an action from the ACTIONS list, above. More than one action may be specified.

Keymap entries are case-sensitive and modifier-specific. This means that a keymap for the b key will match only a lowercase b. Actions for uppercase B, or for Meta-b or Control-B, must be specified separately.

The base keymap is:

Key	Action
Ctrl<Key>]	Escape
Ctrl<Key>a Ctrl<Key>a	Key(0x01)
Ctrl<Key>a Ctrl<Key>]	Key(0x1d)
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>Tab	BackTab
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>c	Clear
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>e	Escape
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>r	Reset
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>l	Redraw
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>m	Compose
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>^	Key(notsign)
<Key>UP	Up
<Key>DOWN	Down
<Key>LEFT	Left
<Key>RIGHT	Right
<Key>F(n)	PF(n)
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>F(n)	PF(n+12)
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>1	PA(1)
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>2	PA(2)
Ctrl<Key>a <Key>3	PA(3)

The base 3270-mode keymap adds:

Key	Action
Ctrl<Key>c	Clear
Ctrl<Key>r	Reset
Ctrl<Key>l	Redraw
<Key>Tab	Tab
<Key>DC	Delete
<Key>BACKSPACE	BackSpace
<Key>BackSpace	BackSpace
<Key>Return	Enter
<Key>Linefeed	Newline

 

THE META OR ALT KEY

The resource c3270.metaEscape and the termcap km attribute control how c3270 will interpret these sequences. When c3270.metaEscape is set to auto (the default), then the termcap km attribute controls how Escape sequences are interpreted: if km is set (the keyboard has a Meta key), Escape characters are not interpreted specially and can appear in keymaps; if km is not set, then Escape followed (quickly) by another keystroke is interpreted as the Meta modifier of that keystroke. If c3270.metaEscape is set to true, then Escape sequences are always interpreted as Meta sequences. If c3270.metaEscape is set to false, then Escape is always considered an ordinary keystroke.  

FILE TRANSFER

Because of the complexity and number of options for file transfer, the parameters to the Transfer action take the unique form of option=value, and can appear in any order. The options are:

Option	Required?	Default	Other Values
Direction	No	send	receive
HostFile	Yes
LocalFile	Yes
Host	No	tso	vm
Mode	No	ascii	binary
Cr	No	remove	add, keep
Exist	No	keep	replace, append
Recfm	No		fixed, variable, undefined
Lrecl	No
Blksize	No
Allocation	No		tracks, cylinders, avblock
PrimarySpace	No
SecondarySpace	No

The option details are as follows.

Direction

send (the default) to send a file to the host, receive to receive a file from the host.

HostFile

The name of the file on the host.

LocalFile

The name of the file on the local workstation.

Host

The type of host (which dictates the form of the IND$FILE command): tso (the default) or vm.

Mode

Use ascii (the default) for a text file, which will be translated between EBCDIC and ASCII as necessary. Use binary for non-text files.

Cr

Controls how Newline characters are handled when transferring Mode=ascii files. remove (the default) strips Newline characters in local files before transferring them to the host. add adds Newline characters to each host file record before transferring it to the local workstation. keep preserves Newline characters when transferring a local file to the host.

Exist

Controls what happens when the destination file already exists. keep (the default) preserves the file, causing the Transfer action to fail. replace overwrites the destination file with the source file. append appends the source file to the destination file.

Recfm

Controls the record format of files created on the host. fixed creates a file with fixed-length records. variable creates a file with variable-length records. undefined creates a file with undefined-length records (TSO hosts only). The Lrecl option controls the record length or maximum record length for Recfm=fixed and Recfm=variable files, respectively.

Lrecl

Specifies the record length (or maximum record length) for files created on the host.

Blksize

Specifies the block size for files created on the host. (TSO hosts only.)

Allocation

Specifies the units for the TSO host PrimarySpace and SecondarySpace options: tracks, cylinders or avblock.

PrimarySpace

Primary allocation for a file created on a TSO host. The units are given by the Allocation option.

SecondarySpace

Secondary allocation for a file created on a TSO host. The units are given by the Allocation option.

SCRIPTS

The String Action

The simplest method for scripting is provided via the String action. The arguments to String are one or more double-quoted strings which are inserted directly as if typed. The C backslash conventions are honored as follows. (Entries marked * mean that after sending the AID code to the host, c3270 will wait for the host to unlock the keyboard before further processing the string.)

\b	Left
\f	Clear*
\n	Enter*
\pan	PA(n)*
\pfnn	PF(nn)*
\r	Newline
\t	Tab
\T	BackTab

An example keymap entry would be:

Meta<Key>p: String("probs clearrdr\n")

Note: The strings are in ASCII and converted to EBCDIC, so beware of inserting control codes.

There is also an alternate form of the String action, HexString, which is used to enter non-printing data. The argument to HexString is a string of hexadecimal digits, two per character. A leading 0x or 0X is optional. In 3270 mode, the hexadecimal data represent EBCDIC characters, which are entered into the current field. In NVT mode, the hexadecimal data represent ASCII characters, which are sent directly to the host.

The Script Action

This action causes c3270 to start a child process which can execute c3270 actions. Standard input and output from the child process are piped back to c3270. The Script action is fully documented in x3270-script(1).

COMPOSITE CHARACTERS

The mappings between these pairs of ordinary keys and the symbols they represent is controlled by the "c3270.composeMap" resource; it gives the name of the map to use. The maps themselves are named "c3270.composeMap.name". The default is "latin1", which gives mappings for most of the symbols in the ISO 8859-1 Latin-1 character set that are not in the 7-bit ASCII character set.

Note: The default keymap defines Meta<Key>m as the "Compose" key. You may set up your own "Compose" key with a keymap that maps some other keysym onto the Compose action.  

PRINTER SUPPORT

The action Printer Start starts a printer session, associated with the current LU. (This works only if the host supports TN3270E.)

The action Printer Start lu starts a printer session, associated with a specific lu.

The action Printer Stop stops a printer session.

The resource c3270.printer.command specifies the command used to print each job; it defaults to lpr. The resource c3270.printer.assocCommandLine specifies the command used to start an associated printer session. It defaults to:

pr3287 -assoc %L% -command "%C%" %H%

The resource c3270.printer.luCommandLine specifies the command used to start a specific-LU printer session. It defaults to:

pr3287 -command "%C%" %L%@%H%

When the printer session command is run, the following substitutions are made:

Token	Substitition
%C%	Command (value of c3270.printer.command)
%H%	Host IP address
%L%	Current or specified LU

See pr3287(1) for further details.  

PASSTHRU

RESOURCES

Resource	Default	Option	Purpose
allBold	Auto	-allbold	Display all characters bold
blankFill	False	-set blankFill	Blank Fill mode
charset	bracket	-charset	EBCDIC character set
charset.foo			Definition of character set foo
composeMap	latin1		Name of composed-character map
dsTrace	False	-trace	Data stream tracing
eof	^D		NVT-mode EOF character
erase	^H		NVT-mode erase character
extended	True		Use 3270 extended data stream
eventTrace	False	-trace	Event tracing
ftCommand	ind$file		Host file transfer command
hostsFile		-hostsfile	Host alias/macro file
icrnl	False		Map CR to NL on NVT-mode input
inlcr	False		Map NL to CR in NVT-mode input
intr	^C		NVT-mode interrupt character
keymap		-keymap	Keyboard map name
keymap.foo			Definition of keymap foo
kill	^U		NVT-mode kill character
lineWrap	False	-set lineWrap	NVT line wrap mode
lnext	^V		NVT-mode lnext character
m3279	(note 1)	-mono	3279 (color) emulation
metaEscape	Auto		Interpret ESC-x as Meta-x
monoCase	False	-set monoCase	Mono-case mode
numericLock	False		Lock keyboard for numeric field error
oerrLock	True		Lock keyboard for input error
oversize		-oversize	Oversize screen dimensions
port	telnet	-port	Non-default TCP port
printer.*	(note 4)		Printer session config
quit	^\		NVT-mode quit character
rprnt	^R		NVT-mode reprint character
secure	False		Disable "dangerous" options
termName	(note 2)	-tn	TELNET terminal type string
traceDir	/tmp		Directory for trace files
traceFile	(note 3)	-tracefile	File for trace output
typeahead	True		Allow typeahead
werase	^W		NVT-mode word-erase character

Note 1: m3279 defaults to True if the terminal supports color, False otherwise. It can be forced to False with the -mono option.

Note 2: The default terminal type string is constructed from the model number, color emulation, and extended data stream modes. E.g., a model 2 with color emulation and the extended data stream option would be sent as IBM-3279-2-E. Note also that when TN3270E mode is used, the terminal type is always sent as some type of 3278.

Note 3: The default trace file is x3trc.pid in the directory specified by the traceDir resource.

Note 4: See PRINTER SUPPORT for details.

In .c3270pro, lines are continued with a backslash character.

-xrm options override definitions found in .c3270pro. If more than one -xrm option is given for the same resource, the last one on the command line is used.  

FILES

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHTS

Modifications Copyright 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001 by Paul Mattes.
Original X11 Port Copyright 1990 by Jeff Sparkes.

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation.

All Rights Reserved. GTRC hereby grants public use of this software. Derivative works based on this software must incorporate this copyright notice.

VERSION

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

CHARACTER SETS

HOSTS DATABASE

NVT (ANSI) MODE

TOGGLES

STATUS LINE

ACTIONS

KEYMAPS

THE META OR ALT KEY

FILE TRANSFER

SCRIPTS

COMPOSITE CHARACTERS

PRINTER SUPPORT

PASSTHRU

RESOURCES

FILES

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHTS

VERSION

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