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The Kernel
As its name implies, the kernel is at the core of each
UNIX system and is loaded in whenever the system is
started up - referred to as a boot
of the system.
It manages the entire resources of the system, presenting
them to you and every other user as a coherent system.
You do not need to know anything about the kernel in
order to use a UNIX system. This information is provided
for your information only.
Amongst the functions performed by the kernel are:
managing the machine's memory and allocating it to each process.
scheduling the work done by the CPU so that the work of each user is
carried out as efficiently as is possible.
organising the transfer of data from one part of the machine to
another.
accepting instructions from the shell and carrying them out.
enforcing the access permissions that are in force on the file
system.