Интерактивная система просмотра системных руководств (man-ов)
dmidecode ()
>> dmidecode (8) ( Linux man: Команды системного администрирования )
NAME
dmidecode - DMI table decoder
SYNOPSIS
dmidecode
[OPTIONS]
DESCRIPTION
dmidecode
is a tool for dumping a computer's DMI (some say SMBIOS) table
contents in a human-readable format. This table contains a description of the
system's hardware components, as well as other useful pieces of information
such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table, you can
retrieve this information without having to probe for the actual hardware.
While this is a good point in terms of report speed and safeness, this also
makes the presented information possibly unreliable.
The DMI table doesn't only describe what the system is currently made
of, it also can report the possible evolutions (such as the fastest supported
CPU or the maximal amount of memory supported).
SMBIOS stands for System Management BIOS, while DMI
stands for Desktop Management Interface. Both standards are tightly related
and developed by the DMTF (Desktop Management Task Force).
As you run it,
dmidecode
will try to locate the DMI table. If it succeeds, it will then parse
this table and display a list of records like this one:
Handle 0x0002
DMI type 2, 8 bytes.
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Intel
Product Name: C440GX+
Version: 727281-001
Serial Number: INCY92700942
Each record has:
*
A handle. This is a unique identifier, which allows records to
reference each other. For example, processor records usually reference
cache memory records using their handles.
*
A type. The SMBIOS specification defines different types of elements
a computer can be made of. In this example, the type is 2, which
means that the record contains "Base Board Information".
*
A size. Each record has a 4-byte header (2 for the handle, 1 for the type,
1 for the size), the rest is used by the record data. This value doesn't
take text strings into account (these are placed at the end of the record),
so the actual length of the record may be (and is often) greater than the
displayed value.
*
Decoded values. The information presented of course depends on the type
of record. Here, we learn about the board's manufacturer, model, version
and serial number.
OPTIONS
-d, --dev-mem FILE
Read memory from device FILE (default: /dev/mem)
-q, --quiet
Be less verbose. Unknown, inactive and OEM-specific entries are not
displayed. Meta-data and handle references are hidden. Mutually exclusive
with --dump.
-s, --string KEYWORD
Only display the value of the DMI string identified by KEYWORD.
KEYWORD must be a keyword from the following list: bios-vendor,
bios-version, bios-release-date,
system-manufacturer, system-product-name,
system-version, system-serial-number,
baseboard-manufacturer, baseboard-product-name,
baseboard-version, baseboard-serial-number,
baseboard-asset-tag, chassis-manufacturer,
chassis-version, chassis-serial-number,
chassis-asset-tag, processor-manufacturer,
processor-version.
Each keyword corresponds to a given DMI type and a given offset
within this entry type.
Not all strings may be meaningful or even defined on all systems. Some
keywords may return more than one result on some systems (e.g.
processor-version on a multi-processor system).
If KEYWORD is not provided or not valid, a list of all valid
keywords is printed and
dmidecode
exits with an error.
This option cannot be used more than once, and implies --quiet.
Mutually exclusive with --type and --dump.
-t, --type TYPE
Only display the entries of type TYPE. TYPE can be either a
DMI type number, or a comma-separated list of type numbers, or a
keyword from the following list: bios, system,
baseboard, chassis, processor, memory,
cache, connector, slot. Refer to the DMI TYPES section
below for details.
If this option is used more than once, the set of displayed entries will be
the union of all the given types.
If TYPE is not provided or not valid, a list of all valid keywords
is printed and
dmidecode
exits with an error.
Mutually exclusive with --string.
-u, --dump
Do not decode the entries, dump their contents as hexadecimal instead.
Note that this is still a text output, no binary data will be thrown upon
you. The strings attached to each entry are displayed as both
hexadecimal and ASCII. This option is mainly useful for debugging.
Mutually exclusive with --quiet and --string.
-h, --help
Display usage information and exit
-V, --version
Display the version and exit
DMI TYPES
The SMBIOS specification defines the following DMI types:
Type
Information
1
System
2
Base Board
3
Chassis
4
Processor
5
Memory Controller
6
Memory Module
7
Cache
8
Port Connector
9
System Slots
10
On Board Devices
11
OEM Strings
12
System Configuration Options
13
BIOS Language
14
Group Associations
15
System Event Log
16
Physical Memory Array
17
Memory Device
18
32-bit Memory Error
19
Memory Array Mapped Address
20
Memory Device Mapped Address
21
Built-in Pointing Device
22
Portable Battery
23
System Reset
24
Hardware Security
25
System Power Controls
26
Voltage Probe
27
Cooling Device
28
Temperature Probe
29
Electrical Current Probe
30
Out-of-band Remote Access
31
Boot Integrity Services
32
System Boot
33
64-bit Memory Error
34
Management Device
35
Management Device Component
36
Management Device Threshold Data
37
Memory Channel
38
IPMI Device
39
Power Supply
Additionally, type 126 is used for disabled entries, type 127 is an
end-of-table marker, and types 128 to 255 are for OEM-specific data.
dmidecode
will display these entries by default, but cannot decode them.
Keywords can be used instead of type numbers with --type.
Each keyword is equivalent to a list of type numbers:
Keyword
Types
system
1, 12, 15, 23, 32
baseboard
2, 10
chassis
3
processor
4
memory
5, 6, 16, 17
cache
7
connector
8
slot
9
Keywords are matched case-insensitively. The following command lines are equivalent:
*
dmidecode --type 0 --type 13
*
dmidecode --type 0,13
*
dmidecode --type bios
*
dmidecode --type BIOS
FILES
/dev/mem
BUGS
More often than not, information contained in the DMI tables is inaccurate,
incomplete or simply wrong.
